Geely Company Analysis

Geely Company Analysis When globalization turns into a situation, numerous organizations attempt to open oversea market. Here, we’d like to investigate a Chinese private-own car organization Geely. As china’s top vehicle producer, Geely preoccupied the world’s eyes as of late. In 2004, Geely plans to send out 5,000 vehicles to the Middle East, South America and North Africa in the wake of transportation 1,000 vehicles to Syria in the final quarter of 2003 at US$4,000-$6,000 each. This year, Geely needs to open US showcase. Be that as it may, with numerous solid competiters in vehicle manufactory in US, with frail notoriety around chinese item, How does Geely locate a fitting way to deal with build up its business? This paper will attempt to discover the appropriate response. To start with, we will acquaint Geely foundation with assistance peruser know its history and current circumstance. At that point we will do SWOT examination and Entry mode correlation toward its present status to locate a superior methodology for Geely to enter in US. We will cover part 4 and section 14 in this paper. Organization opportunity Despite the fact that it’s hard for another car manufactor enter in US advertise, which is generally immersed and brimming with solid contenders, Geely still has its own focal points and oppotunities. Its super-low cost turns into a block to thump the entryway of US low end vehicles showcase. Some different well known and fruitful brand bulid a decent model for Geely in vehicle picture, plan and so forth. Likewise, US showcase is tremendous and American individuals have a high utilization, if Geely can get the oppotunities, the opportunity to progress will be incredible. Presently, let’s investigate its organization foundation. Organization foundation Geely car organization was found on March, 1997 in Zhe Jiang China. It is a private own car organization. The enlisted capital of this organization is RMB 20 million. In 2001, Geely vehicle turned into the first affirmed privately owned business in quite a while of car make in terrain China. The executive of the organization is Li Shu Fu. He has great associations with the Chinese government pioneers and Zhe Jiang territory government pioneers. China has high financial development rates since 1980s. Numerous Chinese individuals rake in boatloads of cash each year. The vast majority of them need to claim vehicles or need vehicles for some easons. So the Chinese vehicle advertise become greater and greater. It gives a decent chance to Li Shu Fu and his workers to understand their fantasy: â€Å"Make the best Cars, customary People Can Afford. † Geely vehicle organization employs numerous laborers to deliver various styles vehicles in Zhe Jiang area and works large business in te rritory China, Middle East, southern America and Africa. The activity of the organization can influence the monetary development of Zhe Jiang territory. Thus, Geely car organization consistently gets support from the Zhe Jiang area government. Gerry vehicle organization is concentrating on low-pay advertise in territory China. In the principal half of 2003, Geely Company delivered 34360 units of vehicles and recharges the most reduced costs of its items in the car business, so the organization shared 3. 84% of the absolute Chinese vehicle advertise. At the equivalent, the organization settled on specialized participation concurrence with German Rucker Company. The participation understanding encourages Geely car to improve its products’ quality rapidly. This organization gets accomplishment in residential market after its first vehicle propelled off in Linhai City Zhejiang Province. On June, 2003, the one hundred thousand Geely care propelled off in Zhejiang Province. This organization has import and fare permit and the ISO 9001 quality framework confirmation, so it is extremely simple for the organization to send out its items to different nations. Gerry Company attempts to enter in universal market since its establishment. The organization sells its items or sets up broad exchanging relationship various nations and zones since 2003. It appears to get accomplishment in Middle East, Southern American and Africa in light of the fact that the organization sends out enormous amounts of items to those regions every year. This organization is searching for the chances to enter the U. S. showcase now. S. W. O. T Analysis Since we have expected that Geely can possibly open the vehicle showcase in American, at that point the subsequent stage is to break down the organization and car industry condition. One of instruments is given by our course reading called â€Å"S. W. O. T† investigation which represents qualities, shortcomings, openings, and dangers (Sulivan, 2002). * Strength A quality could be characterized as something an organization is acceptable at doing or a trademark that gives it improved seriousness. It might incorporate aluable physical as well as human resources, an accomplishment or property that takes the organization in a place of market preferred position, coalitions or agreeable endeavors, thus on(Thompson and Strickland, 2001, p117). For Geely Automobile Company, minimal effort of physical or potentially human resources is one of the significant qualities. As we probably am aw are, albeit Chinese work cost isn't the most minimal on the planet, its expense is still a lot of lower than loads of industrialized nations. In addition, the normal expense of crude materials, plant, and land is additionally less expensive than some western nations. Besides, Geely doesn't just have minimal effort work yet in addition has loads of significant human resources. In 2003, Geely recuited some accomplished directors into their group including previous the General Manager of SAIC Volkswagen, Vice President of FAW Volkswagen Group, President of Dongfeng Automobile Institute Research, Chief Representative of German BMW and General Manager of China district after help organization of Benz Company. These lower-cost points of interest make Geely accomplish its low value system among different contenders. On May, 2003, Geely sparkplug vehicle advocacy and revamp the most up to date and least cost of car in the car business. For example, Geely makes some low-evaluated vehicles. One of those is under the brand name, Haoqing minicar which is the least expensive on the Chinese market, at only 32,000 yuan which changes over to $ 3,867 U. S. dollars. Some company’s unions or helpful endeavors likewise develop its quality. On Dec. , 2002, Geely made agreements with Daewoo International Co. , Ltd and Maggiora S. p. An, an acclaimed Italy vehicle venture bunch with individually to create CK-1 and CI-1 car venture. On June,2003, Geely settled on a specialized collaboration concurrence with German Rucker Company. * Weakness A shortcoming is characterized as something an organization needs or does ineffectively or a condition that makes the organization off guard. A shortcoming may incorporate absence of monetary help, helpless brand picture or notoriety, etc (Thompson and Strickland, 2001, p117). As we referenced that Geely is a private possessed organization in our organization foundation segment, it is increasingly hard for them to get money related help so as to extend market or R&D. Moreover, despite the fact that it made procedure organization with a few Shanghai and Zhejiang business banks, from a universal viewpoint, â€Å"the absence of a solid relationship with a huge manage an account with lobal connections† (Sulivan, 2002, p512) is by all accounts a major soft spot for them. The subsequent shortcoming is the notoriety of Chinese items. For instance, each time we, including Europeans, Americans even Asians, notice made-in-China items, we presumably are discussing a large portion of toys, shores, materials or modest gadgets, however less of innovative items. It is valid for Chinese car makers, for example, Geely that so as to open western markets they despite everything have far to fabricate their item pictures. * Opportunity It is no uncertainty that America has one of the most positive vehicle markets on the planet. The political and organizations condition, for example, guideline are steady and all around created. The salary per capita is likewise positioned at top. Moreover, its foundations, for example, expressways and national transportation arrange are additionally all around assembled. For vehicle producers, they can either open extravagance vehicle markets or spotlight on mid-pay or lower-pay customers. For remote vehicle creators particularly from Asia, Japanese opened American market in 70’s and Korean opened in 90’s; the following may be from China. Dangers Like chance, a danger is additionally seen at entire industry level as opposed to each single organization. In the vehicle business, the most well-known danger is a ton of contenders. There are not just numerous overall notable brands, for example, General Motor, Ford, Toyota, Martz-Benz which produce various types of extravag ance vehicles for high-or-mid pay shoppers yet in addition heaps of little makers, for example, Hyundai, Geely, or Chery (another Chinese car organization) which center around lower-pay advertise. Another danger is energizing feelings of dread. Since Asia economy blast, the interest of characteristic asset, for example, oil is expanded significantly. Be that as it may, these days, the oil save is diminishing. Because of the popularity and short gracefully in oil, shoppers begin to consider the costs of vehicles as well as the capacity of fuel sparing while they buy the vehicles. The difference in shopper buy practices will straightforwardly influence vehicle manufactures’ advertise technique and R&D. In whole, S. W. O. T investigation is useful for both household arranged and universal situated organizations to break down inward or outer monetary condition. Be that as it may, after completion this examination, there is another investigation to do †nation examination before we pick a suitable section model. US Country Analysis In US, vehicles assume a significant job in our every day lives. We can not complete our obligations without driving a vehicle. Agreeing auto Automotive News, there are 16 million vehicles in US. The greater part of the vehicle deals are not made US vehicle organizations. US made vehicles deals is around 44. 9 %. That implies 55% of vehicles deals in US are from outside organization. Japanese vehicles are the most deals vehicles in US. There are a ton of reasons why the Japanese vehicles are well known in US showcase. In the first place, Japanese vehicles are preferred quality and lower cost over US vehicles. Second, the Japanese vehicles

Link Crew Leader Essay

As an understudy, I attempt to accomplish whatever number objectives as could be allowed. I have attempt to the best the understudy I might be. I will concede this year wasn’t the best for me. My evaluations weren’t the best. Yet, I don’t evaluations ought to be the main thing that decides a secondary school understudy. I think who the individual is within what makes a secondary school understudy. I am an exceptionally kind individual. I abhor treachery done on anybody. I generally support what I put stock in. I feel everybody ought to be given a reasonable possibility in anything they do. I love having the option to support anybody. I love knowing something I do can change someone’s life. I use to do the Latin Club. I use to do the Earth Club. I use to do Build On. This year I have been increasingly constrained on the SATs and school. I need be an attorney. Having the option to somebody is what love. The main thing I do outside of school is volunteer at the Norwalk Shelter. One test I looked in secondary school had to do with peer pressure. I was offered the opportunity to attempt weed. I realized that such huge numbers of individuals at school did it, and I thought this was my opportunity to be well known. I didn’t do it. I understood those individuals didn’t need to be my companion. I understood that I didn’t should be well known. I am content with my life simply the manner in which it is. I know who my companions are and it isn’t those individuals. I understood I needed to do it to become something I am most certainly not. I discovered that day I ought to never lose my trustworthiness. Somebody once stated, â€Å"Thoughts become words, words become activities, activities become character, character is everything. † I didn’t need to turn into that individual I would have in the event that I said yes. I wish I knew as a green bean to get included more. At the point when you are included, it will help you over the long haul, particularly for school. Besides it is an extraordinary method to meet new individuals. In the lunch, I sit directly opposite the girl’s bathroom in the cafeteria. I sit with a cool and strong gathering of companions. I love them like family. There you have it, I tad about myself. I truly need to do Link Crew since you get the chance to help individuals. I was a first year recruit and not having this assistance. I need to have any kind of effect. To realize that you can go to an individual with anything is significant. I plan to be that individual for a gathering of first year recruits. Much obliged for the chance.

The Appeal and Value of Fantasy Stories and Films Essay Example

The Appeal and Value of Fantasy Stories and Films Essay Man, as a species, is inventive and has been all through the ages. They put their innovativeness to use really taking shape of imagination stories and movies, huge numbers of which have made both positive and negative effects on society today. The inquiry is: are dream stories and movies only a departure from the real world? Or on the other hand do they offer us something else? I am of the view that dream stories and movies are engaging and do have an incentive in today’s society. The intriguing storylines, their job in carrying expectation and inspiration to the world and their monetary worth all have an influence in the intrigue and estimation of imagination stories and movies. Dream stories and movies have figured out how to provoke the curiosity of kids worldwide because of the vivid designs and regularly entertaining and special storylines. In spite of the fact that the accounts passed on are frequently anecdotal, they regularly convey certain ethics and qualities which are come off on the youngsters who read and watch these dream stories and movies. For example, in ‘Pokemon’, where the hero ventures out the world over to prepare and turn into the best at his art, shows the crowd the significance of versatility and tirelessness as they see their preferred characters walking on significantly after they have confronted certain difficulties. Shows like ‘Adventure Time’ and ‘He-Man’ likewise delineate human characters as well as creatures also and there is regularly a harmonious connection between the human hero and his dependable cat sidekick. This is additionally found in the Disney film ‘Bee Movie’, wher e human and creature cooperate to accomplish a shared objective. Kids, who are the biggest segment to peruse and watch these accounts and vivified films, are at the age where they are generally receptive, and even subliminally, the genial soul of these movies are passed down to them and they convey these worth bestowed for the remainder of their lives. Indeed, even young people or grown-ups, in the wake of perusing or viewing these accounts and movies, are helped to remember the demon We will compose a custom paper test on The Appeal and Value of Fantasy Stories and Films explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on The Appeal and Value of Fantasy Stories and Films explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on The Appeal and Value of Fantasy Stories and Films explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer

Methods And Models Of Critical Thinking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Techniques And Models Of Critical Thinking - Essay Example Basic reasoning is viably utilized in the dynamic procedure and assists with evacuating question. It includes having a target to accomplish and the trial of whether that goal is being accomplished or not structure the control measures. Another definition is proposed by Halpern (1996): Basic reasoning is the utilization of those subjective abilities and techniques that expansion the likelihood of an attractive result intentional, contemplated and objective coordinated - the sort of speculation associated with tackling issues, figuring deductions, ascertaining probabilities, and deciding (McGuiness, 2004). When all is said in done, choices include the future and include decision, in this way, they can not be right. The point to consider is, who settles on choices in an association, and what are the rules in designating a few choices to subordinates These inquiries can be replied by discovering those choices where the odds of being off-base are high and the expense of remedy is enormous: these would then be able to be held for top administration. Lower positions would be permitted to choose where there was more sureness of being right and the expense of revision is low. Numerous choices are made by supervisors from a specific number of variables they have thought of. The truth is that there may, indeed, be a lot more factors obscure to them that they ought to have thought of. Investigation (in light of basic intuition) of options and their potential results can be helped by strategies and the utilization of likelihood hypothesis. It might be valuable to see choices as far as frameworks hypothesis. Any decision that instigates stream, or changes in the stream rate, is a choice (McGuiness, 2004). The principle advantage of basic reasoning is that it permits supervisors to tackle complex issues and to comprehend the outcomes of the choice. Rates are the place the activity is, for example what happens between levels in a framework.

Slowing Down the Speed of Light

Hindering the Speed of Light Halting LIGHT IN ITS TRACKS Noorul Husna Binti Safian Sauri Unique Presentation The way that speed of light which is quick can be eased back down and halted when there is change in refractive record. Halted light accomplished when the optical heartbeats are caught in some material, for example, in the investigation which have been finished by G. Heinze et al.[1]. In that try, the optical heartbeats was halted in cooled Pr3+:Y2SiO5 gem up to 20â µs. At that point moderate light can be acquired by estimated the diminishing in bunch speed. A.V Turukhin et al.[2] done the trial to watched the ultraslow light. Subsequently from their investigation, a 45ms-1 speed of light were watched. The gathering speed, is characterized as vg(w) = c/n(w) and from the condition ng(w) = n(w) + w dn (w)/dw , it indicated the moderate light can be acquired from the variety of refractive file and the scattering of the material. Moreover, when , the gathering speed can be exceptionally diminished in material. So as to accomplish the moderate light, material with higher scattering is required. In any case, in this circumstance a solid assimilations have become a major hindrance. It is a direct result of the way that higher scattering gives a higher retention and lead to an awful information transmission. Procedure of Electromagnetically Induced Transparency (EIT) presented by specialists give the best answer for the solid retentions in spite of the fact that the EIT doesn't give 100% transmission. Simultaneously, EIT provide extra focal points so as to backed off and halted the quick speed optical heartbeats. A strong state medium is progressively favored in numerous utilizations of moderate light since it has extraordinary properties. In strong state medium, nuclear dispersion isn't being available, so it permit longer occasions for optical heartbeats stockpiling. The moderate light procedures assume significant job in various applications for instance in optical-correspondence framework. Hypothetical foundation The state of vg Where E is electric field and ω is precise recurrence engendering through a medium. At that point the period of this wave is given by : The purposes of steady stage will move in a speed of where k is a wavenumber. At that point utilized the connection of the stage speed become . n from the condition is allude to a refrective file and c is the speed of light in a vacuum. At the point when the field isn't considered as monochromatic, that speed is characterized as a gathering speed and this speed shows the engendering pace of changes in adequacy. Numerically, bunch speed is given by : Gathering speed likewise can be characterized as speed at which vitality or data is transmitted along a wave. Seen that gathering list is at that point From condition (6), the gathering file relies upon scattering and moderate light can be acquired by making the enormous. Educator Jakob Khanin and Olga Kocharovskaya were the main physicists that presented the hypothesis of EIT. EIT is a wonder of quantum optics which allows a hazy medium to be straightforward to the optical light wave while as yet keeping the solid scattering expected to produce the moderate light. In light of Figure 2, when a first light bar is applied to the hazy medium, the light pillar is totally ingested. At that point, following a subsequent light is applied to the obscure medium abruptly the medium become straightforward. Figure 1: perception when the control pillar is now and again The iotas experience an unconstrained procedure. At the point when light pillar comes in which it resounding with the recurrence of the advances, the particles will energize to the higher vitality level. This circumstance portrays the typical assimilation of light. At that point, with no outer radiation, the iota will rot precipitously and end up in the lower state. These procedure rely upon the number thickness of photon,. From the start, I study the two level nuclear framework. From Einstein B coefficients, the change likelihood up from ground state |1> to energized state |2> is B12 and from the Einstein A coefficient, the unconstrained progress down from energized state |2> to ground condition of |1> is A21. At the point when the light is sparkling in the framework, the number N1 of iota at the state |1> must be equivalent with the populace N2 of molecules in the state |2>. At that point, the ingestion in the framework is supposed to be immersed which mean there is no assimilation of light bar can be occur. This circumstance won't have the option to make the marvels of EIT from being occur. To make the two level framework unbalance, another state is present by sparkling a subsequent light. This is the reason three level nuclear framework is utilized in the EIT. Figure 2 : portrayal of assimilation and unconstrained outflow Figure 3 shows the three level nuclear framework associate by a control shaft which is a solid optical field and a test pillar which is a frail optical field. The three level framework is additionally called a à ¡Ã¢'â §-framework dependent on its shape. The iotas are consider to have a couple of lower vitality conditions of |1> and |2>. The test shaft couples states |1> and |3> with recurrence while the control pillar couples states |2> and |3> with recurrence . The two pathway meddle and drop one another and afterward make a dull states polariton. Dull states implies that there is no iotas will be elevate to the energized state and afterward disappear the retention of light. Figure 3 : portrayal of three level nuclear framework The outflow of direct powerlessness range clarified the how the nuclear gathering react to the solid resounding control pillar and feeble test beam[4]. The articulation is : Where be like the unwinding pace of the soundness, N is the absolute number of molecules in the example, is the distinction between the test pillar recurrence and the recurrence of the nuclear change (with = 0 show the recurrence of the particle field reverberation), is the iota field coupling consistent, and in conclusion is the Rabi recurrence of the control beam[]. Rabi recurrence is characterized as , where and E are compare to the change second and electric field of the control beam[].From the powerlessness, the nonexistent part, where is the transmission coefficient depicts absorptive properties of the medium and L is the length of the medium. At that point the genuine piece of the powerlessness, demonstrated the refractive record. In light of figure 4, the different ‘wiggles’ refractive file which is green line indicated the conduct of nonlinear while detuning the recurrence. The quality of the scattering which identify with the moderate light is dictated by the angle of the refractive record and simultaneously the sharp EIT display the solid nonlinear dispersive conduct. The sharp pinnacle of the transmission line indicated the perfect EIT happen at precise reverberation ( ). ). The specific reverberation condition accomplished when the recurrence distinction between the two light shafts precisely coordinates with the recurrence detachment between the two lower conditions of and .When the specific reverberation condition isn't accomplished, the obstruction isn't perfect the medium become absorbing[5]. Figure 5 speaks to the spread of light in the EIT medium. Toward the start, the light heartbeat is outside the medium and all the molecules are in the ground states( |1>). The front edge of the light heartbeat at that point enters the medium and is immediately decelerated. The back edge of the light heartbeat engenders with vacuum speed c since it is still outside of the medium. Subsequently, upon entrance into the cell, the spatial degree of the light heartbeat is packed by the proportion of , while its pinnacle adequacy stays same. The vitality of the light heartbeat is clearly a lot littler when it is inside the medium. The photons are being consumed to make the rationality between conditions of |1> and |2> , or at the end of the day, to flip the nuclear twists, with the overabundance vitality diverted by the control field. At that point, the influx of flipped turns presently spreads together with the light heartbeat. The molecules are in this manner emphatically coupled to the photons which is in the light heartbeat, with a related quasiparticle called a dull state polarition[6]. The quasiparticle is a mix of photons and twists excitation. The spatial degree increments again when the light heartbeat leaves the medium and afterward the particles return back to their unique ground state. Be that as it may, a deferred of the entire light heartbeat happened by where L is the length of the medium. In obscurity state polarition, when the control field is adiabatically turned off, the coupled excitation is changed over into an unadulterated nuclear excitation, that is, the test field is stopped[7]. At that point, to recover the test field, the control field is turned on. A capacity time of over a second were accomplished along these lines. Figure 4 : Spectrum of transmission and refractive record relating to EIT. This figure is taken from reference [4]. . Figure 4 : spatial pressure happened when the light shaft enters the medium and simultaneously the photons are changed into a nuclear (turn excitation). This figure is taken from reference [5]. In the circumstance when the rot rate among state and is irrelevant, the proliferation of test field can be portray by the electric field administrator, where the aggregate is over the free-space of photonic modes with wave vectors k and bosonic administrator [8]. An aggregate nuclear administrators, found the middle value of over little is utilized to depict the properties of the medium yet at position z, naturally visible volumes containing particles [6]. In particular, the administrator is utilized to portrays the polarization of molecule swaying at an optical recurrence, though the administrator decribes a low-recurrence turn wave. Expected that the control field is solid and it is dealt with traditionally. The nuclear development is directed by a lot of Heisenberg condition which is , where is speak to the particle field cooperation Hamiltonian and [8]. From these conditions, the test field is accepting to be powerless and that and change in time gradually. To driving request in the test field , find that The Heisenberg condition, depicted the advancement of the test field. Another

SIPA Events for the Week of September 23 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

SIPA Events for the Week of September 23 COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog The semester just began and we are already have a great roster of speakers and discussions scheduled. Below is a flavor of the events happening at SIPA next week.   Some of these events are opened to the public, so you are welcome to register for those events (if you are interested in a particular topic).   See more events on the SIPA Web Calendar. MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 2013 CGEG: Reforming Europe Out of the Crisis Nordic and Danish Perspectives and Solutions 10:00 am to 11:00 am International Affairs Building, Room 1501 A conversation with Villy Søvndal, Minister for Foreign Affairs, Denmark. Registration required. Sponsor: Center on Global Economic Governance MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 2013 Ramush Haradinaj on Challenges to Kosovas Democratization and European Integration 11:00 am to 12:15 pm International Affairs Building, Room 1219 Discussion with Ramush Haradinaj, former Prime Minister of the Republic of Kosova and Chairman for the Alliance for the Future of Kosova. Event facilitated by David L. Phillips, Director of the Program on Peace-building and Rights at Columbia Universitys Institute for the Study of Human Rights. Sponsor: Institute for the Study of Human Rights MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 2013 Moral Interventionism: The Gas Question and Syria 4:00 pm to 6:00 pm Heyman Center, 2nd Floor Common Room A roundtable discussion addressing the issue of moral interventionism from the perspectives of political theory, international security, and the history of peacekeeping. Sponsor: European Institute MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 2013 China/Brazil: Two Tales of a Growth Slowdown 6:00 pm to 8:00 pm International Affairs Building, Room 802 Talk with Octaviano Canuto, Senior Advisor on BRICS in the Development Economics Department. Sponsor: Institute of Latin American Studies MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 2013 CGT Undergraduate Film Screening: Ten Years of Terror 6:00 pm to 8:00 pm International Affairs Building, Room 918 The Undergraduate Committee on Global Thought invites you to a film screening of Ten Years of Terror followed by a discussion with director, Brad Evans. The film explores the impact of 9/11 and reflects on the subsequent political and military responses. Sponsor: Committee on Global Thought MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 23, 2013 Remembering Edward Said 7:00 pm to 9:00 pm Lerner Hall, Roone Arledge Cinema On the tenth anniversary of the passing of Professor Edward Said, we invite you to join us as we reflect on his legacy. We will also screen excerpts from documentaries on Edward Said. Sponsor: Center for Palestine Studies with the Department of English and Comparative Literature, the Heyman Center for the Humanities, and the Middle East Institute TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 24, 2013 CGEG: FED Tapering and the Fortunes of Nations 4:00 pm to 5:30 pm International Affairs Building, Room 1512 Panel discussion with Guillermo Calvo, Director, Program in Economic Policy Management and former Chief Economist, Inter-American Development Bank; Jan Svejnar, James T. Shotwell Professor of Global Political Economy; Director, Center on Global Economic Governance (CGEG), Columbia SIPA; Andrés Velasco, Professor of Professional Practice, Columbia SIPA; former Finance Minister of Chile; with introduction by Miguel Urquiola,Vice Dean of SIPA. Sponsor: Center on Global Economic Governance TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 24, 2013 Effective Policies in Poverty Reduction Beyond the Millennium Development Goals 6:00 pm to 10:00 pm International Affairs Building, Room 1501 A lecture and discussion on effective policies in poverty reduction with José Antonio Ocampo, Professor of Professional Practice and Economic and Political Development Concentration Director at Columbia Universitys School of International and Public Affairs, and Esther Duflo, Professor of Poverty Alleviation and Development Economics at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Sponsor: Economic and Political Development Concentration WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 25, 2013 Geopolitics of the Global Energy Revolution 2:00 pm to 3:30 pm International Affairs Building, Room 1512 A presentation by Carlos Pascual, Special Envoy and Coordinator for International Energy Affairs at the U.S. State Department. Sponsor: Center on Global Energy Policy WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 25, 2013 Comfort Women Wanted 2:00 pm to 4:00 pm International Affairs Building, Room 918 A video screening and panel discussion with Chang-Jin Lee, visual artist; Charles Armstrong (moderator), Professor of History, Columbia University; Elazar Barkan, Professor of International and Public Affairs, Columbia University; Pablo Castillo-Diaz, Protection Analyst, Peace and Security at the UN; Margaret Stetz, Mae and Robert Carter Professor of Womens Studies and Professor of Humanities, University of Delaware; Joyce Yu, UN Resident Coordinator. No registration required. Sponsor: The Center for Korean Research WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 25, 2013 CGEG: French Proposals for the Future of Europe, with Laurent Fabius, Foreign Minister of France 2:30 pm to 4:00 pm International Affairs Building, Room 1501 CGEG: Lecture with Laurent Fabius, French Foreign Minister. Registration and ID required. Sponsor: Center on Global Economic Governance WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 25, 2013 Abe and the LDP Are Back. Now What? 4:15 pm to 5:45 pm Davis Auditorium, Room 412 Ninth Annual Lecture on Japanese Politics with Gerald L. Curtis, Burgess Professor of Political Science, Columbia University. Moderated by Hugh T. Patrick, R.D. Calkins Professor of International Business Emeritus; Director, Center on Japanese Economy and Business, Columbia Business School. Followed by reception. Registration required. Sponsor: Weatherhead East Asian Institute WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 25, 2013 Russian Politics and the Sochi Olympics 6:00 pm to 8:00 pm The Italian Academy, 1161 Amsterdam Ave 5th Floor Conference Room A discussion among experts focusing on the influence that this global event has on Russian politics, and vice versa. Sponsor: Harriman Institute WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 25, 2013 New Avenues for Global Illicit Drug Policies 6:00 pm to 7:30 pm International Affairs Building, Room 1501 Presentation and discussion on global illicit drug policies with Otto Perez Molina, President of the Republic of Guatemala, and Luis Fernando Carrera Castro, Minister of Foreign Affairs of Guatemala. Moderated by Professor José Antonio Ocampo, Director of Economic and Political Development Concentration at SIPA. Registration required. CUID only. Sponsor: Economic and Political Development Concentration, Institute of Latin American Studies THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 2013 Building Resilience in a Climate and Resource-Constrained World: Investment Strategies and Policy Innovations 3:30 pm to 4:45 pm Alfred Lerner Hall, Satow Room (5th floor) A presentation by James Cameron, Chairman and Founder of Climate Change Capital on how investment in sustainable energy, low-carbon, and resource-efficient infrastructure is expanding rapidly and what this means for investors, policymakers, and entrepreneurs. Sponsor: Center on Global Energy Policy THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 2013 Development Workshop: Jan Christoph von der Goltz 4:15 pm to 5:45 pm International Affairs Building, Room 1101 As part of Columbia Universitys Fall 2013 Development Workshop, Jan Christoph von der Goltz will discuss his latest paper. Topic and paper title to be announced. Sponsor: Center for Development Economics and Policy THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 2013 Do you want to make a profound difference on global poverty and climate change? A book talk with Sam Daley-Harris 6:00 pm to 7:30 pm Earl Hall, Auditorium A book talk with Sam Daley-Harris, author, activist and founder of Results Global Microfinance Campaign and Citizen Climate Lobby on the 20th anniversary edition of his book Reclaiming Our Democracy. Sponsor: Columbia’s Advisory Committee on Socially Responsible Investing, Economic and Political Development Concentration, Management Concentration THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 2013 Cuba-U.S. Relations: Possibilities for the Future 6:30 pm to 7:30 pm International Affairs Building, Room 1501 Lecture with Dr. Josefina de la Caridad Vidal Ferreiro, Director, North America Division, Cuban Ministry of Foreign Relations. Doors open at 6:00 p..m. Registration required. Seating is limited; first come, first seated. Sponsor: Institute of Latin American Studies FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 27, 2013 Tadeusz Dabrowski: Twelve Poems From Black Square 4:00 pm to 6:00 pm International Affairs Building, Room 1219 Tadeusz Dabrowski will be reading from his book, Twelve Square. A discussion with Anna Frajlich will follow. Sponsor: Harriman Institute

Examining the Elusive in A Modest Proposal - Literature Essay Samples

The beginning of the eighteenth century witnessed the establishment of the Protestant Ascendancy in Ireland, and a gradual retraction of the civil rights of Roman Catholics (Papists). The Anglican minority took measures to enrich and empower itself through various policies, including mercantilism, which relied on the devaluation of a country’s goods to increase its exports. This rush to increase trade value came with the price of rapid impoverishing of the working class. Moreover, the laborer was considered part of a country’s capital, and no child was too young to go to work. In his satirical work â€Å"A Modest Proposal† Anglo-Irish essayist Jonathan Swift responds to the dilemma of the nation’s proliferating indigent masses in a parody of the autocratic landlords of his time. He introduces a method of putting the begging mothers to productive employment, and their children to the purpose of the gratification of landlords. Conning an unwavering loyalty t o his perverted scheme and drenching every word in reasonableness, Swifts demonstrates his mastery in satire and effectively shocks, captivates and entertains the readers. If his support were not lacking in credibility (or his scheme in practicability), his tactful, persuasive style would leave few readers unconvinced.In light of the socio-economic problems in Ireland, Swift adopts a can-do attitude and describes how, through deliberation, reasoning, and collecting information about Ireland’s population and customs, he has seen the perfect way out: namely, by breeding unproductive and burdensome children for the purpose of providing food to the upper class, and a means of income to the mothers. There would be numerous uses for this dish of infant flesh; it could be served in every season, to any sort of dinner guests or with any dressing that best suits the family. This proposition would be beneficial to all classes of people in Ireland, and many similar examples from other c ountries exist to support the practice. The objections or alternatives to the proposal are not worth consideration. Undaunted by the sheer absurdity of his plan, Swift achieves coherence in his organization of ideas and support through formal patterning, and executes an ingenious development to stimulate strong response in the reader. His methodical arrangement of reckonings and computations prevent logical conflicts from weakening his propositions or diluting his act of being a well-informed authority on the subject. He progresses in a systematic presentation of facts, his proposal, its method, and its advantages, following the author’s reasoning process and making his essay comprehensive. Nevertheless, he manages to employ sustained irony to its best effect and the reader is shocked by what he is least expecting from a self-proclaimed patriot: that a child is a â€Å"delicious nourishing and wholesome food†. In the same assertive vein, Swift satisfies his audience w ith regard to the practicability and benefits of his proposal by presenting a multitude of mathematical, analytical and external support, while this serious persistence has the dual effect of amusing and outraging the reader. After providing a brief introduction to the economic conditions of Ireland that calls out for sympathy and concern, he zeroes in on his proposal by first offering statistics relevant to his problem at hand: namely, how to provide for â€Å"a hundred and twenty thousand children of poor parents annually born†. Such numbers, while giving him the officious air he desires, imply that he is not ‘fooling around’. They materialize the concerns of Ireland and the possibility of benefitting by his scheme. His suggestions that ‘twenty thousand may be reserved for breed’ and the rest ‘be offered in sale to persons of quality and fortune’ are a mocking representation of the attitude of the wealthy toward the outnumbering poor, and the shock and fury they induce is comparable to the protestations against the violation of Human Rights. Furthermore, Swift is conversational yet formal, clearly addressing the educated ruling class, and by means of subtle yet effective literary devices, he pulls off an admirable Juvenalian satire that lends the element of fascination to a social and political theme probably propagated to redundancy the serious way. Unlike contemporary revolutionary work sensationalizing the injustice toward the poor, Swift impersonates the class of people he means to upbraid, and in the style of the traditional Roman satire, he derides the reforms he wishes to suggest. This conflicting personality successfully exposes the outlook of the ruling class to the disinterested reader, while subjecting the perpetrators of the injustice to utmost ridicule and contempt. A reaction of shock and horror at the indecency of his proposition is followed by eye-widening wonder at his nerve to carry the exploit ation of the working classes so grossly out of proportion. At the same time, stating metaphorically that since the autocrats â€Å"have already devoured most of the parents,† they are entitled to the children, vividly suggests how the present conditions approximate the unthinkable.Besides using a cleverly contrasting style, Swift combines the language of politics and economics to model the manipulative and shrewd approach of people toward the poor, and remarkably, through his apathy, influences striking unrestrained response from his reader. Coolly advising â€Å"buying the children alive and dressing them hot from the knife†, he paints a lurid image through an unconventional attribution of predicate to the object. Replacing â€Å"children† by â€Å"pigs† in the above example creates a very flat, lifeless statement. Similar instances of the use of phrases from animal husbandry such as, â€Å"their flesh was generally tough and lean†¦and their taste disagreeable† heightens disgust and horror. Swift’s professional advisory style is out of place with his ‘modest’ proposal, and for some, this may leave an unpleasant, sinister impression of human perversion. Swift is not to be taken seriously yet his manner stresses that the inflexibility of the boundaries of social acceptability is not to be dismissed.Most of the outrage of the reader is a result of the solemn and earnest tone in which Swift proposes his solution. The unfaltering formal gravity of his narration conveys the extent of serious contemplation he has devoted to his theory and is one of the elements of his essay that create antagonism for the scheming attitude of the ruling class. Moreover his characteristic and persistent air of rationality depict the fact that the Aristocrats of his day were not only bent on achieving prosperity through the drudgery of the lower class, but were also blissfully unaware of the moral and ethical implications of e mploying exploitive means to achieve their end. Along with distaste and revulsion it may induce in the average reader, â€Å"A Modest Proposal† also questions the depths to which human nature is capable of sinking to secure personal gains. Swift seems comfortable with the assumption that every Landlord would be able to ‘stomach’ the reform without a conscience and that every progenerating mother would bargain her flesh and blood. Since Swift doesn’t spare rich or poor from the sarcastic implication of corruption, he is condemning the whole Irish nation to the verdict of moral degeneration. There are exceptions and nonconformities to every human stereotype, and Swift himself gives an excellent example by differing from other Anglo-Irish of his time. Undoubtedly, Swift’s Proposal has beguiled and impressed critics, readers and literature buffs alike for generations with its innovative and inspirational technique. His text embodies the ironic but often true phenomenon that the wrong means might sometimes be essential for achieving the right end. Hence he utilizes his advantage by birth and education to join ranks with the discontented masses and lampoon the conduct of the upper classes. Jonathan Swift was not the first or the last of his kind. What makes his work stand out among the rest of the nationalistic prose is his mischievous contrariness and subtle symbolism, and his assimilation of the Irish spirit of optimism, unaffected, as he illustrates, by a surprisingly great extent of depravity.Works CitedSwift, Jonathan. A Modest Proposal. A Modest Proposal and Other Satires. Amherst, NY: Prometheus, 1995. Print.